Live › vulnerability › CVE-2026-98628
Go to dashboardA privileged loader can submit a BPF program with many jumps that makes verifier rewrite passes run for a long time. The kernel did not check for pending signals during these passes, so a killed loader could not be torn down promptly.
Summary written from the sources below. Check the originals before acting.
First seen by InfraStack 2026-10-23 21:57 UTC. All times on this page are UTC.
Affects Linux kernels with BPF enabled where the loader must already have privileges to call BPF_PROG_LOAD. Systems where only trusted root processes load BPF programs face a denial-of-service risk only from those processes. The sources do not name affected kernel versions.
No product ranges from the sources yet.
Each row is the first time that source carried this signal. The analyst’s rows are its own findings.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
bpf: Make post-verification instruction rewrites killable
After do_check() returns, the verifier runs several instruction rewrite passes. Some of them patch or remove one instruction at a time. Each operation moves the remaining instruction and auxiliary-data arrays and adjusts all branch offsets, making the overall work quadratic in the program length.
A privileged loader can submit 131072 unconditional jumps by zero followed by a valid return. Verification finishes quickly, but bpf_opt_remove_nops() then spends a long time removing each jump separately. Since this post-verification work neither checks for signals nor reschedules, a pending SIGKILL cannot terminate the task until the rewrite finishes.
Make bpf_patch_insn_data() and verifier_remove_insns() common cancellation and rescheduling points. These helpers run from BPF_PROG_LOAD process context, and bpf_patch_insn_data() can already sleep while reallocating auxiliary data.
Report interrupted constant blinding as -EINTR and propagate it through both JIT paths, including kernels that permit interpreter fallback. Other blinding failures retain the existing fallback behavior.
This does not reduce the quadratic cost of the rewrite passes, but it makes the work preemptible and allows a killed loader to be torn down promptly.
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