{"id":"CVE-2026-90436","kind":"vulnerability","aliases":["CVE-2026-90436"],"related":[],"title":"Apache Axis 1.x: inbound SOAP faults let unauthenticated remote class loading run code","description":"** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** Deserialization of an inbound SOAP fault in Apache Axis 1.x allows unauthenticated remote class instantiation. When a SOAP <Fault> carries a <detail><exceptionName> element, Axis loads the named class and, if a String <data> element is also present, instantiates it through its String constructor before checking that it is an AxisFault. Loading alone runs the class's static initializer. With a suitable class on the application's classpath this leads to remote code execution. The fault is parsed while the engine resolves the target service, before any per-service handler chain runs, so authentication handlers configured on a service do not protect against it. This affects all Apache Axis 1.x versions through 1.4.\n\n\n\nAs Axis 1 has been EOL we recommend you migrate to a different SOAP engine, such as Apache Axis 2/Java. Alternatively you could use a build of Axis with the patch from https://github.com/apache/axis-axis1-java/commit/41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd applied. The Apache Axis project does not expect to create an Axis 1.x release fixing this problem.","summary":"Apache Axis 1.x parses SOAP fault messages and loads a class named in the fault, then instantiates it through a String constructor, before any service authentication runs. With a suitable class on the classpath, an unauthenticated remote attacker can achieve remote code execution.","severity":"critical","cvss":null,"epss":null,"exploited":false,"exploited_at":null,"products":[],"ecosystems":[],"tags":["apache-axis","java","package","self-hosted","soap"],"not_affected_if":["axis-2-in-use","no-axis-1-jar"],"how_to_check":"- Look for Apache Axis 1.x jars (axis.jar) in the application's classpath or WEB-INF/lib, for example with `find / -name axis*.jar 2>/dev/null`\n- Confirm the version: all Axis 1.x releases through `1.4` are affected","fix":"- Apache Axis 1.x through `1.4`: no release fixes this; the Apache project recommends migrating to Apache Axis 2/Java\n- Alternative stated by the source: build Axis with the patch from https://github.com/apache/axis-axis1-java/commit/41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd applied","status":"open","published_at":"2026-11-06T16:18:59+00:00","first_seen_at":"2026-11-06T16:42:42+00:00","triaged_at":"2026-11-06T16:44:56+00:00","updated_at":"2026-11-06T16:44:56+00:00","category":"package","confidence":0.8,"triage":{"at":"2026-11-06T16:44:56Z","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","output":{"fix":"- Apache Axis 1.x through `1.4`: no release fixes this; the Apache project recommends migrating to Apache Axis 2/Java\n- Alternative stated by the source: build Axis with the patch from https://github.com/apache/axis-axis1-java/commit/41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd applied","reach":"internet","title":"Apache Axis 1.x: inbound SOAP faults let unauthenticated remote class loading run code","impact":"high","summary":"Apache Axis 1.x parses SOAP fault messages and loads a class named in the fault, then instantiates it through a String constructor, before any service authentication runs. With a suitable class on the classpath, an unauthenticated remote attacker can achieve remote code execution.","audience":"developers","category":"package","nicknames":[],"who_cares":["java","apache-axis","soap","self-hosted"],"confidence":0.8,"fix_status":"available","needs_auth":"no","worst_case":"Remote code execution on the server, with the privileges of the application","analyst_note":"Confirm the fix status: the sources offer a patch commit but say the project will not release a fixed 1.x version; check whether the commit is the only remediation path.","how_to_check":"- Look for Apache Axis 1.x jars (axis.jar) in the application's classpath or WEB-INF/lib, for example with `find / -name axis*.jar 2>/dev/null`\n- Confirm the version: all Axis 1.x releases through `1.4` are affected","plain_action":"","needs_analyst":true,"not_affected_if":["axis-2-in-use","no-axis-1-jar"],"who_is_affected":"Any application that runs Apache Axis 1.x (through 1.4) as a SOAP server exposes the fault-parsing path to network clients, and the fault is parsed before per-service authentication handlers run, so those handlers do not protect it. Exploitation needs a suitable class on the application's classpath. Systems that do not run Axis 1.x, or that run it without a SOAP endpoint reachable by others, are less exposed.","user_interaction":"no","needs_special_setup":"yes","severity_if_unknown":"critical"},"cost_usd":0.000832,"input_tokens":4542,"output_tokens":755,"severity_before":"unknown"},"analyst_status":null,"analyst_note":null,"search":"'-2026':16A,19A '-90436':17A,20A '/apache/axis-axis1-java/commit/41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd':223C '1':3A,32B,86C,184C,191C,236C '1.4':188C '2/java':208C 'achiev':70B 'affect':180C 'allow':88C 'alon':126C 'also':110C 'altern':209C 'apach':1A,22B,30B,84C,182C,206C,226C 'apache-axi':21B 'appli':224C 'applic':139C 'assign':76C 'attack':68B 'authent':56B,168C 'axi':2A,23B,31B,85C,99C,183C,190C,207C,216C,227C,235C 'axisfault':124C 'build':214C 'carri':96C 'chain':165C 'check':119C 'class':11A,41B,61B,91C,103C,129C,136C 'classpath':64B,141C 'code':14A,72B,146C 'configur':170C 'constructor':52B,117C 'could':211C 'creat':233C 'cve':15A,18A 'deseri':77C 'differ':201C 'element':98C,108C 'engin':154C,203C 'eol':194C 'execut':73B,147C 'expect':231C 'fault':7A,36B,45B,82C,149C 'fix':239C 'github.com':222C 'github.com/apache/axis-axis1-java/commit/41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd':221C 'handler':164C,169C 'host':28B 'inbound':5A,80C 'initi':132C 'instanti':47B,92C,112C 'java':24B 'lead':143C 'let':8A 'load':12A,39B,100C,125C 'messag':37B 'migrat':198C 'name':42B,102C 'packag':25B 'pars':34B,151C 'patch':219C 'per':162C 'per-servic':161C 'present':111C 'problem':241C 'project':228C 'protect':176C 'recommend':196C 'releas':238C 'remot':10A,67B,71B,90C,145C 'resolv':155C 'run':13A,57B,127C,166C 'self':27B 'self-host':26B 'servic':55B,158C,163C,173C 'soap':6A,29B,35B,81C,95C,202C 'static':131C 'string':51B,107C,116C 'suitabl':60B,135C 'target':157C 'unauthent':9A,66B,89C 'unsupport':74C 'use':212C 'version':186C 'x':4A,33B,87C,185C,237C","nicknames":[],"mitigations":[],"who_affected":"Any application that runs Apache Axis 1.x (through 1.4) as a SOAP server exposes the fault-parsing path to network clients, and the fault is parsed before per-service authentication handlers run, so those handlers do not protect it. Exploitation needs a suitable class on the application's classpath. Systems that do not run Axis 1.x, or that run it without a SOAP endpoint reachable by others, are less exposed.","tier":"B","verified":{},"analyst_revisit_at":null,"fix_status":"available","audience":"developers","plain_action":null,"pkeys":[],"ptokens":[],"labels":["apacheaxis","critical","java","package","selfhosted","soap"],"campaign_type":null,"search_a":"'-2026':16A,19A '-90436':17A,20A '1':3A 'apach':1A 'axi':2A 'class':11A 'code':14A 'cve':15A,18A 'fault':7A 'inbound':5A 'let':8A 'load':12A 'remot':10A 'run':13A 'soap':6A 'unauthent':9A 'x':4A","search_b":"'1':32B 'achiev':70B 'apach':22B,30B 'apache-axi':21B 'attack':68B 'authent':56B 'axi':23B,31B 'class':41B,61B 'classpath':64B 'code':72B 'constructor':52B 'execut':73B 'fault':36B,45B 'host':28B 'instanti':47B 'java':24B 'load':39B 'messag':37B 'name':42B 'packag':25B 'pars':34B 'remot':67B,71B 'run':57B 'self':27B 'self-host':26B 'servic':55B 'soap':29B,35B 'string':51B 'suitabl':60B 'unauthent':66B 'x':33B","search_c":"'/apache/axis-axis1-java/commit/41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd':223C '1':86C,184C,191C,236C '1.4':188C '2/java':208C 'affect':180C 'allow':88C 'alon':126C 'also':110C 'altern':209C 'apach':84C,182C,206C,226C 'appli':224C 'applic':139C 'assign':76C 'authent':168C 'axi':85C,99C,183C,190C,207C,216C,227C,235C 'axisfault':124C 'build':214C 'carri':96C 'chain':165C 'check':119C 'class':91C,103C,129C,136C 'classpath':141C 'code':146C 'configur':170C 'constructor':117C 'could':211C 'creat':233C 'deseri':77C 'differ':201C 'element':98C,108C 'engin':154C,203C 'eol':194C 'execut':147C 'expect':231C 'fault':82C,149C 'fix':239C 'github.com':222C 'github.com/apache/axis-axis1-java/commit/41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd':221C 'handler':164C,169C 'inbound':80C 'initi':132C 'instanti':92C,112C 'lead':143C 'load':100C,125C 'migrat':198C 'name':102C 'pars':151C 'patch':219C 'per':162C 'per-servic':161C 'present':111C 'problem':241C 'project':228C 'protect':176C 'recommend':196C 'releas':238C 'remot':90C,145C 'resolv':155C 'run':127C,166C 'servic':158C,163C,173C 'soap':81C,95C,202C 'static':131C 'string':107C,116C 'suitabl':135C 'target':157C 'unauthent':89C 'unsupport':74C 'use':212C 'version':186C 'x':87C,185C,237C","first_public_at":"2026-11-06T16:18:59+00:00","kev":null,"cvss_vector":null,"cvss_by":null,"poc_count":0,"sources":[{"source":"nvd","external_id":"CVE-2026-90436","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-90436","severity":null,"published_at":"2026-11-06T16:18:59+00:00","modified_at":"2026-11-06T16:18:59+00:00","first_seen_at":"2026-11-06T16:42:42+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-11-06T16:42:42+00:00","note":null}],"documents":[{"id":87945,"url":"https://github.com/apache/axis-axis1-java/commit/41f3b4e8d04e310ca81f86b92630ab2c11d608bd","title":"Patch: github.com","kind":"other","source":"nvd","publisher":"vendor","text":null,"published_at":null,"relation":"fix","confidence":null,"note":"Patch: github.com"}],"exploit_sources":[],"notice":"Free to read, with fair use of about 60 pages a minute. 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