Glances's Browser API Exposes Reusable Downstream Credentials via `/api/4/serverslist`

Summary

In Central Browser mode, the /api/4/serverslist endpoint returns raw server objects from GlancesServersList.get_servers_list(). Those objects are mutated in-place during background polling and can contain a uri field with embedded HTTP Basic credentials for downstream Glances servers, using the reusable pbkdf2-derived Glances authentication secret.

If the front Glances Browser/API instance is started without --password, which is supported and common for internal network deployments, /api/4/serverslist is completely unauthenticated. Any network user who can reach the Browser API can retrieve reusable credentials for protected downstream Glances servers once they have been polled by the browser instance.

Details

The Browser API route simply returns the raw servers list:

# glances/outputs/glances_restful_api.py:799-805
def _api_servers_list(self):
    self.__update_servers_list()
    return GlancesJSONResponse(self.servers_list.get_servers_list() if self.servers_list else [])

The main API router is only protected when the front instance itself was started with --password. Otherwise there are no authentication dependencies at all:

# glances/outputs/glances_restful_api.py:475-480
if self.args.password:
    router = APIRouter(prefix=self.url_prefix, dependencies=[Depends(self.authentication)])
else:
    router = APIRouter(prefix=self.url_prefix)

The Glances web server binds to 0.0.0.0 by default:

# glances/main.py:425-427
parser.add_argument(
    '--bind',
    default='0.0.0.0',
    dest='bind_address',
)

During Central Browser polling, server entries are modified in-place and gain a uri field:

# glances/servers_list.py:141-148
def __update_stats(self, server):
    server['uri'] = self.get_uri(server)
    ...
    if server['protocol'].lower() == 'rpc':
        self.__update_stats_rpc(server['uri'], server)
    elif server['protocol'].lower() == 'rest' and not import_requests_error_tag:
        self.__update_stats_rest(f"{server['uri']}/api/{__apiversion__}", server)

For protected servers, get_uri() loads the saved password from the [passwords] section (or the default password), hashes it, and embeds it directly in the URI:

# glances/servers_list.py:119-130
def get_uri(self, server):
    if server['password'] != "":
        if server['status'] == 'PROTECTED':
            clear_password = self.password.get_password(server['name'])
            if clear_password is not None:
                server['password'] = self.password.get_hash(clear_password)
        uri = 'http://{}:{}@{}:{}'.format(
            server['username'],
            server['password'],
            server['name'],
            server['port'],
        )
    else:
        uri = 'http://{}:{}'.format(server['name'], server['port'])
    return uri

Password lookup falls back to a global default:

# glances/password_list.py:55-58
try:
    return self._password_dict[host]
except (KeyError, TypeError):
    return self._password_dict['default']

The sample configuration explicitly supports browser-wide default password reuse:

# conf/glances.conf:656-663
[passwords]
# localhost=abc
# default=defaultpassword

The secret embedded in uri is not the cleartext password, but it is still a reusable Glances authentication credential. Client connections send that pbkdf2-derived hash over HTTP Basic authentication:

# glances/password.py:72-74,94
# For Glances client, get the password (confirm=False, clear=True):
#     2) the password is hashed with SHA-pbkdf2_hmac (only SHA string transit
password = password_hash

# glances/client.py:56-57
if args.password != "":
    self.uri = f'http://{args.username}:{args.password}@{args.client}:{args.port}'

The Browser WebUI also consumes that raw uri directly and redirects the user to it:

// glances/outputs/static/js/Browser.vue:83-103
fetch("api/4/serverslist", { method: "GET" })
...
window.location.href = server.uri;

So once server.uri contains credentials, those credentials are not just used internally; they are exposed to API consumers and frontend JavaScript.

PoC

Step 1: Verified local live proof that server objects contain credential-bearing URIs

The following command executes the real glances/servers_list.py update logic against a live local HTTP server that always returns 401. This forces Glances to mark the downstream server as PROTECTED and then retry with the saved/default password. After the second refresh, the in-memory server list contains a uri field with embedded credentials.

cd D:\bugcrowd\glances\repo
@'
import importlib.util
import json
import sys
import threading
import types
from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, HTTPServer
from pathlib import Path
from defusedxml import xmlrpc as defused_xmlrpc

pkg = types.ModuleType('glances')
pkg.__apiversion__ = '4'
sys.modules['glances'] = pkg

client_mod = types.ModuleType('glances.client')
class GlancesClientTransport(defused_xmlrpc.xmlrpc_client.Transport):
    def set_timeout(self, timeout):
        self.timeout = timeout
client_mod.GlancesClientTransport = GlancesClientTransport
sys.modules['glances.client'] = client_mod

globals_mod = types.ModuleType('glances.globals')
globals_mod.json_loads = json.loads
sys.modules['glances.globals'] = globals_mod

logger_mod = types.ModuleType('glances.logger')
logger_mod.logger = types.SimpleNamespace(
    debug=lambda *a, **k: None,
    warning=lambda *a, **k: None,
    info=lambda *a, **k: None,
    error=lambda *a, **k: None,
)
sys.modules['glances.logger'] = logger_mod

password_list_mod = types.ModuleType('glances.password_list')
class GlancesPasswordList: pass
password_list_mod.GlancesPasswordList = GlancesPasswordList
sys.modules['glances.password_list'] = password_list_mod

dynamic_mod = types.ModuleType('glances.servers_list_dynamic')
class GlancesAutoDiscoverServer: pass
dynamic_mod.GlancesAutoDiscoverServer = GlancesAutoDiscoverServer
sys.modules['glances.servers_list_dynamic'] = dynamic_mod

static_mod = types.ModuleType('glances.servers_list_static')
class GlancesStaticServer: pass
static_mod.GlancesStaticServer = GlancesStaticServer
sys.modules['glances.servers_list_static'] = static_mod

spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location('tested_servers_list', Path('glances/servers_list.py'))
mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
spec.loader.exec_module(mod)
GlancesServersList = mod.GlancesServersList

class Handler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
    def do_POST(self):
        _ = self.rfile.read(int(self.headers.get('Content-Length', '0')))
        self.send_response(401)
        self.end_headers()
    def log_message(self, *args):
        pass

httpd = HTTPServer(('127.0.0.1defaultpassword({password})pluginsystemfieldhr_namekeytarget:{port}name127.0.0.1ip203.0.113.77portprotocolrpcusernameglancespasswordstatusUNKNOWNSTATIC@ | python -

Verified output:

[
  {
    "key": "target:57390",
    "name": "127.0.0.1",
    "ip": "203.0.113.77",
    "port": 57390,
    "protocol": "rpc",
    "username": "glances",
    "password": null,
    "status": "PROTECTED",
    "type": "STATIC",
    "uri": "http://glance