--- id: "CVE-2026-28991" kind: "vulnerability" aliases: ["CVE-2026-28991"] title: "An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking" severity: "high" cvss: 7.5 epss: null exploited: false status: "open" category: "vendor" products: [{"name": "apple ipados", "fixed": ["26.5"], "affected": "< 26.5", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "apple iphone os", "fixed": ["26.5"], "affected": "< 26.5", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "apple macos", "fixed": ["26.5"], "affected": ">= 26.0, < 26.5", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "apple tvos", "fixed": ["26.5"], "affected": "< 26.5", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "apple visionos", "fixed": ["26.5"], "affected": "< 26.5", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "apple watchos", "fixed": ["26.5"], "affected": "< 26.5", "ecosystem": "vendor"}] ecosystems: ["vendor"] tags: ["apple", "apple-devices", "macos", "macos-sequoia", "vendor", "vendor-advisory"] not_affected_if: ["already-on-15.8.2"] published_at: "2026-05-11T21:18:59+00:00" first_seen_at: "2026-10-29T04:33:05+00:00" updated_at: "2026-10-29T04:41:59+00:00" sources: [{"source": "lab", "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/149523", "first_seen_at": "2026-10-29T04:33:05+00:00"}, {"source": "nvd", "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28991", "first_seen_at": "2026-10-29T04:41:59+00:00"}] --- # An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking Apple's security notes for macOS Sequoia 15.8.2 list dozens of fixed flaws across system components such as APFS, AppleAVD, CoreAudio and CoreMedia. Several entries say a malicious app or a crafted file can gain root privileges, read or write kernel memory, or bypass Gatekeeper and privacy controls. _Summary, check and fix written by a model from the sources; labelled as such._ ## Affected - vendor:apple ipados affected < 26.5 fixed 26.5 - vendor:apple iphone os affected < 26.5 fixed 26.5 - vendor:apple macos affected >= 26.0, < 26.5 fixed 26.5 - vendor:apple tvos affected < 26.5 fixed 26.5 - vendor:apple visionos affected < 26.5 fixed 26.5 - vendor:apple watchos affected < 26.5 fixed 26.5 ## How to check - Run `sw_vers -productVersion` on each Mac and compare the result with `15.8.2` - Check System Settings > General > Software Update for pending macOS updates ## Fix - macOS Sequoia: `15.8.2` ## Timeline - 2026-10-29T04:33:05+00:00 lab https://support.apple.com/en-us/149523 — Apple: About the security content of macOS Sequoia 15.8.2 - Apple Support - 2026-10-29T04:41:59+00:00 nvd https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28991 ## Documents - [advisory] Apple: About the security content of macOS Sequoia 15.8.2 - Apple Support https://support.apple.com/en-us/149523 - [advisory] Vendor advisory: support.apple.com https://support.apple.com/en-us/127110 - [advisory] Vendor advisory: support.apple.com https://support.apple.com/en-us/127115 - [advisory] Vendor advisory: support.apple.com https://support.apple.com/en-us/127118 - [advisory] Vendor advisory: support.apple.com https://support.apple.com/en-us/127119 - [advisory] Vendor advisory: support.apple.com https://support.apple.com/en-us/127120 ## From the sources About the security content of macOS Sequoia 15.8.2 - Apple Support # About the security content of macOS Sequoia 15.8.2 This document describes the security content of macOS Sequoia 15.8.2. ## About Apple security updates For our customers' protection, Apple doesn't disclose, discuss, or confirm security issues until an investigation has occurred and patches or releases are available. Recent releases are listed on the Apple security releases page. Apple security documents reference vulnerabilities by CVE-ID when possible. For more information about security, see the Apple Product Security page. ## macOS Sequoia 15.8.2 Released October 26, 2026 ### Accelerate Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: An app may be able to cause a denial-of-service Description: An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. CVE-2026-28991: Seiji Sakurai (@HeapSmasher) ### Accelerate Framework Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to unexpected app termination Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. CVE-2026-86971: an anonymous researcher ### Accounts Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: A malicious application may be able to bypass Privacy preferences Description: A logging issue was addressed with improved data redaction. CVE-2026-113898: Bhaswanth Chigurupati ### afpfs Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: A remote attacker may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory Description: A buffer overflow was addressed with improved bounds checking. CVE-2026-64767: Dave G. ### APFS Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or read kernel memory Description: An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. CVE-2026-112525: We Muftihaturrahmah, Aswin Kumar Gokula Kannan, Ruslan Dautov, Peter Malone ### APFS Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. CVE-2026-112536: Ruslan Dautov, Thomas Guillem, Narendra Singh (@_3P1C), Kwak Kiyong (@Pwnkai23), Song Nuri, Thanatos Tian (HKPolyU) & wgg with Diffract ### App Store Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: A remote attacker may be able to break out of the WebContent sandbox Description: This issue was addressed with improved input validation. CVE-2026-112690: Claudio Bozzato and Francesco Benvenuto of Cisco Talos ### Apple Intelligence Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data Description: An authorization issue was addressed with improved state management. CVE-2026-86920: Johan Wahyudi ### Apple Neural Engine Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. ### Apple Neural Engine Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. ### AppleAVD Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted video file may lead to unexpected app termination Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. CVE-2026-112416: an anonymous researcher, Meta Red Team X - Nik Tsytsarkin, Narendra Singh (@_3P1C), Hcamael and 章鱼哥@aipy (aipyaipy.com), Dohyeon An @PILAB Technology, Inc ### AppleAVD Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt process memory Description: An out-of-bounds write was addressed with improved input validation. CVE-2026-112415: Rahul Raj, Hcamael and 章鱼哥@aipy (aipyaipy.com) ### AppleAVD Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: A malicious app may be able to break out of its sandbox Description: An information leakage was addressed with additional validation. CVE-2026-112704: Josh Maine of Calif.io ### AppleMobileFileIntegrity Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: A malicious app may be able to read or write to protected files Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. CVE-2026-112539: Claudio Bozzato and Francesco Benvenuto of Cisco Talos ### AppleRAID Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination Description: A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management. CVE-2026-112531: Chanwit Muenprakoddee (ChemIndy) ### ArchiveService Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: An app may bypass Gatekeeper checks Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved state management. CVE-2026-86937: YingMuo (@YingMuo) of DEVCORE Research Team, Paul Montgomery (@nullevent) ### ArchiveService Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted file may bypass Gatekeeper checks Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved checks. CVE-2026-112568: an anonymous researcher ### Audio Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted file may lead to unexpected app termination Description: An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. CVE-2026-112546: lunar815, Nathaniel Oh (@calysteon), Piotr Jerzy Duszynski, an anonymous researcher, Surej Sekhar, r3pwnx (@r3pwnx), Lily Cohl (@GenericCoding) ### Audio Available for: macOS Sequoia CVE-2026-112675: Lakshay Sharma (MrW0r57), Abodi Dawoud ### AVEVideoEncoder Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. CVE-2026-112705: Marco Schmitt, Andrey Chernykh, Josh Maine of Calif.io ### AVEVideoEncoder Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation. ### AVEVideoEncoder Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. CVE-2026-112470: Hcamael and 章鱼哥@aipy (aipyaipy.com) CVE-2026-112468: Hcamael and 章鱼哥@aipy (aipyaipy.com) CVE-2026-112469: Hcamael and 章鱼哥@aipy (aipyaipy.com) ### AVEVideoEncoder Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination or read kernel memory Description: An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved input validation. ### BOM Impact: A maliciously crafted ZIP archive may bypass Gatekeeper checks Description: A file quarantine bypass was addressed with additional checks. CVE-2026-84610: Murray Mike, Andreas Jaegersberger & Ro Achterberg of Nosebeard Labs ### BOM Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted file may lead to heap corruption Description: An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation. ### BOM Impact: A maliciously crafted ZIP archive may bypass Gatekeeper checks CVE-2026-112672: 준우 이, Pasquale Scola ### Calendar Available for: macOS Sequoia Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. ### Carbon Core Available for: macOS Sequoia Description: A logging issue was addressed with improved data redaction. CVE-2026-84528: zenith ### Carbon Core Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: An app may bypass Gatekeeper checks Description: A file quarantine bypass was addressed with additional checks. CVE-2026-86941: Andreas Jaegersberger & Ro Achterberg of Nosebeard Labs ### CloudKit Available for: macOS Sequoia Impact: A malicious app may be able to gain root privileges Description: A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. CVE-2026-86896: A --- _Free to read at a human pace. An API with keys and an MCP server are in preparation; early access: hello@infrastack.ai_