MongoDB C# Driver: type allow-list bypass lets crafted BSON run code

A type allow-list bypass in the BSON serialization library of the MongoDB C# Driver allows a type-restriction check to be circumvented when polymorphic data is deserialized into loosely typed members. An unauthorized party who can supply or plant BSON/JSON data that the application later deserializes can cause the application process to instantiate .NET types outside the intended allow-list and populate them with unauthorized party-controlled values. In applications that contain a suitable gadget type, this can lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the application, with corresponding loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No special privileges beyond the ability to introduce data the application reads are required.