{"id":"CVE-2025-68613","kind":"vulnerability","aliases":["CVE-2025-68613"],"related":[],"title":"n8n is an open source workflow automation platform","description":"n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Versions starting with 0.211.0 and prior to 1.120.4, 1.121.1, and 1.122.0 contain a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in their workflow expression evaluation system. Under certain conditions, expressions supplied by authenticated users during workflow configuration may be evaluated in an execution context that is not sufficiently isolated from the underlying runtime. An authenticated attacker could abuse this behavior to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the n8n process. Successful exploitation may lead to full compromise of the affected instance, including unauthorized access to sensitive data, modification of workflows, and execution of system-level operations. This issue has been fixed in versions 1.120.4, 1.121.1, and 1.122.0. Users are strongly advised to upgrade to a patched version, which introduces additional safeguards to restrict expression evaluation. If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only; and/or deploy n8n in a hardened environment with restricted operating system privileges and network access to reduce the impact of potential exploitation. These workarounds do not fully eliminate the risk and should only be used as short-term measures.","summary":"n8n's workflow expression evaluator isn't isolated from the runtime. Any authenticated user who can create or edit workflows can run arbitrary code as the n8n process, which can mean full instance compromise and access to stored credentials. CISA lists it as exploited. A later advisory covers further expression escapes, so upgrade past 1.122.0.","severity":"critical","cvss":9.9,"epss":null,"exploited":true,"exploited_at":"2026-03-11T00:00:00+00:00","products":[{"name":"n8n n8n","fixed":[],"affected":"","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"n8n","fixed":["1.120.4","1.121.1","1.122.0"],"affected":">= 0.211.0, < 1.120.4; >= 1.121.0, < 1.121.1","ecosystem":"npm"},{"name":"n8n","fixed":["1.120.4"],"affected":">= 0.211.0, < 1.120.4","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"n8n","fixed":[],"affected":"= 1.121.0","ecosystem":"vendor"}],"ecosystems":["npm","vendor"],"tags":["ai-agents","ai-tooling","exploited","n8n","rce","self-hosted","workflow-automation"],"not_affected_if":["auth-required","managed-hosting"],"how_to_check":"Check the n8n version (Settings > About, or 'n8n --version', or the docker image tag). Vulnerable: >= 0.211.0 and < 1.120.4, or 1.121.0 (< 1.121.1). Also see who holds workflow create/edit permission and review workflows for suspicious expressions (e.g. ones using process, require, child_process).","fix":"Upgrade to 1.120.4, 1.121.1 or 1.122.0+; better 1.123.17 or 2.5.2+ to also cover the follow-up expression-escape RCE (GHSA-6cqr-8cfr-67f8). Interim: limit workflow create/edit to fully trusted users, run n8n with restricted OS privileges and network access. Rotate credentials stored in exposed instances.","status":"open","published_at":"2025-12-19T23:15:52+00:00","first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T19:11:51+00:00","triaged_at":"2026-10-23T20:39:09+00:00","updated_at":"2026-10-23T23:44:51+00:00","category":"ai-tooling","confidence":0.85,"triage":{"at":"2026-10-23T20:39:09Z","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","output":{"fix":"Apply the vendor mitigation per n8n's advisory; the sources do not name the fixed version. Follow CISA BOD 22-01 guidance or stop using the product if no mitigation exists.","reach":"unknown","summary":"n8n, a workflow automation platform often used to build AI agents, has a flaw in its workflow expression evaluator that allows remote code execution. An attacker who can get a crafted expression into a workflow can run code on the n8n server.","category":"ai-tooling","who_cares":["n8n","self-hosted","workflow-automation","ai-agents"],"confidence":0.5,"needs_auth":"unknown","worst_case":"Attacker runs arbitrary code on the n8n server and reads stored credentials.","analyst_note":"Find the n8n advisory for CVE-2025-68613 to get affected and fixed versions, required auth, and a detection method.","how_to_check":"unknown","needs_analyst":true,"not_affected_if":["managed-hosting"],"user_interaction":"unknown","needs_special_setup":"unknown","severity_if_unknown":"critical"},"cost_usd":0.000442,"input_tokens":2526,"output_tokens":379,"severity_before":"unknown"},"analyst_status":"done","analyst_note":"Find the n8n advisory for CVE-2025-68613 to get affected and fixed versions, required auth, and a detection method.","search":"'-2025':10A,13A '-68613':11A,14A '0.211.0':101C '1.120.4':105C,202C '1.121.1':106C,203C '1.122.0':89B,108C,205C 'abus':154C 'access':70B,181C,262C 'addit':218C 'administr':230C 'advis':209C 'advisori':81B 'affect':177C 'agent':22B 'ai':21B,24B 'ai-ag':20B 'ai-tool':23B 'and/or':248C 'arbitrari':57B,159C 'attack':152C 'authent':47B,129C,151C 'autom':7A,34B,96C 'behavior':156C 'certain':124C 'cisa':74B 'code':58B,113C,160C 'compromis':68B,174C 'condit':125C 'configur':133C 'consid':232C 'contain':109C 'context':140C 'could':153C 'cover':82B 'creat':51B 'creation':239C 'credenti':73B 'critic':111C 'cve':9A,12A 'data':184C 'deploy':249C 'edit':53B,241C 'elimin':275C 'environ':254C 'escap':85B 'evalu':39B,121C,136C,223C 'execut':114C,139C,158C,189C 'exploit':26B,78B,169C,269C 'express':38B,84B,120C,126C,222C 'fix':199C 'follow':234C 'full':66B,173C 'fulli':244C,274C 'harden':253C 'host':31B 'immedi':228C 'impact':266C 'includ':179C 'instanc':67B,178C 'introduc':217C 'isn':40B 'isol':42B,145C 'issu':196C 'later':80B 'lead':171C 'level':193C 'limit':237C 'list':75B 'may':134C,170C 'mean':65B 'measur':287C 'mitig':236C 'modif':185C 'n8n':1A,15A,16A,17A,18A,19A,27B,35B,61B,90C,166C,250C 'network':261C 'open':4A,93C 'oper':194C,257C 'past':88B 'patch':214C 'permiss':242C 'platform':8A,97C 'possibl':229C 'potenti':268C 'prior':103C 'privileg':163C,259C 'process':62B,167C 'rce':28B,115C 'reduc':264C 'remot':112C 'restrict':221C,256C 'risk':277C 'run':56B 'runtim':45B,149C 'safeguard':219C 'self':30B 'self-host':29B 'sensit':183C 'short':285C 'short-term':284C 'sourc':5A,94C 'start':99C 'store':72B 'strong':208C 'success':168C 'suffici':144C 'suppli':127C 'system':122C,192C,258C 'system-level':191C 'temporari':235C 'term':286C 'tool':25B 'trust':245C 'unauthor':180C 'under':148C 'upgrad':87B,211C,225C 'use':282C 'user':48B,130C,206C,246C 'version':98C,201C,215C 'vulner':116C 'workaround':271C 'workflow':6A,33B,37B,54B,95C,119C,132C,187C,238C 'workflow-autom':32B","nicknames":[],"mitigations":[],"who_affected":null,"tier":null,"verified":{},"analyst_revisit_at":null,"first_public_at":"2025-12-19T23:15:52+00:00","kev":{"dateAdded":"2026-03-11","dueDate":"2026-03-25","requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","knownRansomwareCampaignUse":"Unknown"},"cvss_vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","cvss_by":"security-advisories@github.com","poc_count":0,"sources":[{"source":"kev","external_id":"CVE-2025-68613","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?search_api_fulltext=CVE-2025-68613","severity":null,"published_at":"2026-03-11T00:00:00+00:00","modified_at":null,"first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T19:11:51+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-10-25T13:39:29+00:00","note":null},{"source":"analyst","external_id":"CVE-2025-68613:24","url":null,"severity":null,"published_at":"2026-10-23T20:43:09+00:00","modified_at":"2026-10-23T20:43:09+00:00","first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T20:43:09+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T20:43:09+00:00","note":"Read n8n GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp (CVSS 9.9) plus GitLab DB: authenticated RCE via expression injection; fixed in 1.120.4, 1.121.1, 1.122.0. Exploitation per CISA KEV; I did not find a PoC link. Follow-up bypass GHSA-6cqr-8cfr-67f8 fixed in 1.123.17/2.5.2 (CVE-2026-27577 per OSV), so target at least those."},{"source":"nvd","external_id":"CVE-2025-68613","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68613","severity":null,"published_at":"2025-12-19T23:15:52+00:00","modified_at":"2026-10-13T11:10:00+00:00","first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T23:44:51+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T23:44:51+00:00","note":null}],"documents":[{"id":863,"url":"https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/ghsa-v98v-ff95-f3cp","title":"n8n GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp RCE via Expression Injection","kind":"advisory","source":"analyst","text":null,"published_at":null,"relation":"advisory","confidence":null,"note":null},{"id":864,"url":"https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-6cqr-8cfr-67f8","title":"n8n GHSA-6cqr-8cfr-67f8 follow-up expression escape RCE","kind":"advisory","source":"analyst","text":null,"published_at":null,"relation":"mentions","confidence":null,"note":null},{"id":865,"url":"https://advisories.gitlab.com/npm/n8n/CVE-2025-68613/","title":"GitLab Advisory DB CVE-2025-68613","kind":"other","source":"analyst","text":null,"published_at":null,"relation":"describes","confidence":null,"note":null}],"notice":"Free to read at a human pace. An API with keys and an MCP server are in preparation; early access: hello@infrastack.ai"}