{"id":"CVE-2025-47827","kind":"vulnerability","aliases":["CVE-2025-47827"],"related":[],"title":"In IGEL OS before 11, Secure Boot can be bypassed because the igel-flash-driver module improperly verifies a…","description":"IGEL OS contains a use of a key past its expiration date vulnerability that allows for Secure Boot bypass. The igel-flash-driver module improperly verifies a cryptographic signature. Ultimately, a crafted root filesystem can be mounted from an unverified SquashFS image.\n\nCISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","summary":"IGEL OS, the thin-client operating system, has a flaw where an expired signing key is still accepted, letting an attacker bypass Secure Boot. A crafted root filesystem image can then be mounted without verification, which means attacker-controlled code can run during boot.","severity":"high","cvss":4.6,"epss":null,"exploited":true,"exploited_at":"2025-10-14T00:00:00+00:00","products":[{"name":"IGEL IGEL OS","fixed":[],"affected":"","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"igel os","fixed":["11.01.100"],"affected":"< 11.01.100","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 1507","fixed":["10.0.10240.21161"],"affected":"< 10.0.10240.21161","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 1607","fixed":["10.0.14393.8519"],"affected":"< 10.0.14393.8519","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 1809","fixed":["10.0.17763.7919"],"affected":"< 10.0.17763.7919","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 21h2","fixed":["10.0.19044.6456"],"affected":"< 10.0.19044.6456","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 22h2","fixed":["10.0.19045.6456"],"affected":"< 10.0.19045.6456","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 11 22h2","fixed":["10.0.22621.6060"],"affected":"< 10.0.22621.6060","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 11 23h2","fixed":["10.0.22631.6060"],"affected":"< 10.0.22631.6060","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 11 24h2","fixed":["10.0.26100.6899"],"affected":"< 10.0.26100.6899","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 11 25h2","fixed":["10.0.26200.6899"],"affected":"< 10.0.26200.6899","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2012","fixed":[],"affected":"","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2012","fixed":[],"affected":"= r2","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2016","fixed":["10.0.14393.8519"],"affected":"< 10.0.14393.8519","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2019","fixed":["10.0.17763.7919"],"affected":"< 10.0.17763.7919","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2022","fixed":["10.0.20348.4294"],"affected":"< 10.0.20348.4294","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2022 23h2","fixed":["10.0.25398.1913"],"affected":"< 10.0.25398.1913","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2025","fixed":["10.0.26100.6899"],"affected":"< 10.0.26100.6899","ecosystem":"vendor"}],"ecosystems":["vendor"],"tags":["endpoints","exploited","igel-os","infrastructure","thin-clients"],"not_affected_if":["unknown"],"how_to_check":null,"fix":"Apply the mitigation from the IGEL vendor advisory, as CISA directs; the sources do not name a fixed version.\nIf no mitigation exists, CISA says to discontinue use of the product.","status":"open","published_at":"2025-06-05T14:15:32+00:00","first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T19:11:51+00:00","triaged_at":"2026-10-23T20:44:33+00:00","updated_at":"2026-10-23T23:44:51+00:00","category":"infrastructure","confidence":0.6,"triage":{"at":"2026-10-23T20:44:33Z","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","output":{"fix":"Apply the mitigation from the IGEL vendor advisory, as CISA directs; the sources do not name a fixed version.\nIf no mitigation exists, CISA says to discontinue use of the product.","reach":"local","summary":"IGEL OS, the thin-client operating system, has a flaw where an expired signing key is still accepted, letting an attacker bypass Secure Boot. A crafted root filesystem image can then be mounted without verification, which means attacker-controlled code can run during boot.","category":"infrastructure","who_cares":["igel-os","thin-clients","endpoints"],"confidence":0.6,"needs_auth":"unknown","worst_case":"Attacker boots a crafted root filesystem, running arbitrary code on the device despite Secure Boot.","analyst_note":"Find the IGEL advisory for CVE-2025-47827 to get the fixed OS version, affected versions, and the exact mitigation steps; the sources give none of these.","how_to_check":"unknown","needs_analyst":true,"not_affected_if":["unknown"],"user_interaction":"unknown","needs_special_setup":"unknown","severity_if_unknown":"high"},"cost_usd":0.000459,"input_tokens":2581,"output_tokens":401,"severity_before":"unknown"},"analyst_status":null,"analyst_note":null,"search":"'-01':206C '-2025':21A,24A '-47827':22A,25A '10':33A,37A,41A,45A,49A '11':5A,53A,57A,61A,65A '1507':34A '1607':38A '1809':42A '2012':70A,74A '2016':78A '2019':82A '2022':86A,90A '2025':95A '21h2':46A '22':205C '22h2':50A,54A '23h2':58A,91A '24h2':62A '25h2':66A 'accept':123B 'action':196C 'allow':165C 'appli':197C 'applic':203C 'attack':126B,144B 'attacker-control':143B 'bod':204C 'boot':7A,129B,150B,168C 'bypass':10A,127B,169C 'cisa':194C 'client':104B,110B 'cloud':209C 'code':146B 'contain':153C 'control':145B 'craft':131B,183C 'cryptograph':179C 'cve':20A,23A 'date':162C 'discontinu':212C 'driver':16A,174C 'endpoint':96B 'expir':118B,161C 'exploit':97B 'filesystem':133B,185C 'flash':15A,173C 'flaw':115B 'follow':202C 'guidanc':207C 'igel':2A,14A,26A,27A,29A,99B,105B,151C,172C 'igel-flash-driv':13A,171C 'igel-o':98B 'imag':134B,193C 'improp':18A,176C 'infrastructur':101B 'instruct':201C 'key':120B,158C 'let':124B 'mean':142B 'microsoft':31A,35A,39A,43A,47A,51A,55A,59A,63A,67A,71A,75A,79A,83A,87A,92A 'mitig':198C,218C 'modul':17A,175C 'mount':138B,188C 'oper':111B 'os':3A,28A,30A,100B,106B,152C 'past':159C 'per':199C 'product':216C 'requir':195C 'root':132B,184C 'run':148B 'secur':6A,128B,167C 'server':69A,73A,77A,81A,85A,89A,94A 'servic':210C 'sign':119B 'signatur':180C 'squashf':192C 'still':122B 'system':112B 'thin':103B,109B 'thin-client':102B,108B 'ultim':181C 'unavail':220C 'unverifi':191C 'use':155C,213C 'vendor':200C 'verif':140B 'verifi':19A,177C 'vulner':163C 'windows':32A,36A,40A,44A,48A,52A,56A,60A,64A,68A,72A,76A,80A,84A,88A,93A 'without':139B","nicknames":[],"mitigations":[],"who_affected":null,"tier":null,"verified":{},"analyst_revisit_at":null,"first_public_at":"2025-06-05T14:15:32+00:00","kev":{"dateAdded":"2025-10-14","dueDate":"2025-11-04","requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","knownRansomwareCampaignUse":"Unknown"},"cvss_vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","cvss_by":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","poc_count":0,"sources":[{"source":"kev","external_id":"CVE-2025-47827","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?search_api_fulltext=CVE-2025-47827","severity":null,"published_at":"2025-10-14T00:00:00+00:00","modified_at":null,"first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T19:11:51+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-10-25T11:39:14+00:00","note":null},{"source":"nvd","external_id":"CVE-2025-47827","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47827","severity":null,"published_at":"2025-06-05T14:15:32+00:00","modified_at":"2026-06-17T09:28:44+00:00","first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T23:44:51+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T23:44:51+00:00","note":null}],"documents":[],"notice":"Free to read at a human pace. An API with keys and an MCP server are in preparation; early access: hello@infrastack.ai"}