--- id: "CVE-2025-32433" kind: "vulnerability" aliases: ["CVE-2025-32433"] title: "Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language" severity: "critical" cvss: 10.0 epss: null exploited: true status: "open" category: "runtime" products: [{"name": "Erlang Erlang/OTP", "fixed": [], "affected": "", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "erlang erlang\\/otp", "fixed": ["25.3.2.20"], "affected": "< 25.3.2.20", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "erlang erlang\\/otp", "fixed": ["26.2.5.11"], "affected": ">= 26.0, < 26.2.5.11", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "erlang erlang\\/otp", "fixed": ["27.3.3"], "affected": ">= 27.0, < 27.3.3", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco confd basic", "fixed": ["7.7.19.1"], "affected": "< 7.7.19.1", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco confd basic", "fixed": ["8.1.16.2"], "affected": ">= 8.0.18, < 8.1.16.2", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco confd basic", "fixed": ["8.2.11.1"], "affected": ">= 8.2, < 8.2.11.1", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco confd basic", "fixed": ["8.3.8.1"], "affected": ">= 8.3, < 8.3.8.1", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco confd basic", "fixed": ["8.4.4.1"], "affected": ">= 8.4, < 8.4.4.1", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco network services orchestrator", "fixed": ["5.7.19.1"], "affected": "< 5.7.19.1", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco network services orchestrator", "fixed": ["6.1.16.2"], "affected": ">= 5.8, < 6.1.16.2", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco network services orchestrator", "fixed": ["6.2.11.1"], "affected": ">= 6.2, < 6.2.11.1", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco network services orchestrator", "fixed": ["6.3.8.1"], "affected": ">= 6.3, < 6.3.8.1", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco network services orchestrator", "fixed": ["6.4.1.1"], "affected": ">= 6.4, < 6.4.1.1", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco network services orchestrator", "fixed": ["6.4.4.1"], "affected": ">= 6.4.2, < 6.4.4.1", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco cloud native broadband network gateway", "fixed": ["2025.03.1"], "affected": "< 2025.03.1", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco inode manager", "fixed": [], "affected": "", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco smart phy", "fixed": ["25.2"], "affected": "< 25.2", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco ultra packet core", "fixed": ["2025.03"], "affected": "< 2025.03", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco ultra services platform", "fixed": [], "affected": "", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco staros", "fixed": ["2025.03"], "affected": "< 2025.03", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco optical site manager", "fixed": ["25.2.1"], "affected": "< 25.2.1", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco ncs 2000 shelf virtualization orchestrator firmware", "fixed": ["25.1.1"], "affected": "< 25.1.1", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco enterprise nfv infrastructure software", "fixed": ["4.18"], "affected": "< 4.18", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco ultra cloud core", "fixed": ["2025.03.1"], "affected": "< 2025.03.1", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco rv160w firmware", "fixed": [], "affected": "", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco rv260 firmware", "fixed": [], "affected": "", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco rv160 firmware", "fixed": [], "affected": "", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco rv260p firmware", "fixed": [], "affected": "", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco rv260w firmware", "fixed": [], "affected": "", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco rv340 firmware", "fixed": [], "affected": "", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco rv340w firmware", "fixed": [], "affected": "", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco rv345 firmware", "fixed": [], "affected": "", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "cisco rv345p firmware", "fixed": [], "affected": "", "ecosystem": "vendor"}, {"name": "debian linux", "fixed": [], "affected": "= 11.0", "ecosystem": "vendor"}] ecosystems: ["vendor"] tags: ["erlang", "exploited", "network-appliances", "otp", "runtime", "self-hosted", "ssh"] not_affected_if: ["managed-hosting", "no-erlang-ssh-daemon"] published_at: "2025-04-16T22:15:14+00:00" first_seen_at: "2026-10-23T19:11:51+00:00" updated_at: "2026-10-23T22:29:05+00:00" sources: [{"source": "kev", "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?search_api_fulltext=CVE-2025-32433", "first_seen_at": "2026-10-23T19:11:51+00:00"}, {"source": "nvd", "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32433", "first_seen_at": "2026-10-23T22:29:05+00:00"}] --- # Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language The Erlang/OTP SSH server accepts SSH protocol messages before authenticating the session, so it can run commands without valid credentials. An unauthenticated remote attacker can execute arbitrary commands on the server, and CISA lists it as actively exploited. _Summary, check and fix written by a model from the sources; labelled as such._ ## Affected - vendor:Erlang Erlang/OTP affected ? fixed ? - vendor:erlang erlang\/otp affected < 25.3.2.20 fixed 25.3.2.20 - vendor:erlang erlang\/otp affected >= 26.0, < 26.2.5.11 fixed 26.2.5.11 - vendor:erlang erlang\/otp affected >= 27.0, < 27.3.3 fixed 27.3.3 - vendor:cisco confd basic affected < 7.7.19.1 fixed 7.7.19.1 - vendor:cisco confd basic affected >= 8.0.18, < 8.1.16.2 fixed 8.1.16.2 - vendor:cisco confd basic affected >= 8.2, < 8.2.11.1 fixed 8.2.11.1 - vendor:cisco confd basic affected >= 8.3, < 8.3.8.1 fixed 8.3.8.1 - vendor:cisco confd basic affected >= 8.4, < 8.4.4.1 fixed 8.4.4.1 - vendor:cisco network services orchestrator affected < 5.7.19.1 fixed 5.7.19.1 - vendor:cisco network services orchestrator affected >= 5.8, < 6.1.16.2 fixed 6.1.16.2 - vendor:cisco network services orchestrator affected >= 6.2, < 6.2.11.1 fixed 6.2.11.1 - vendor:cisco network services orchestrator affected >= 6.3, < 6.3.8.1 fixed 6.3.8.1 - vendor:cisco network services orchestrator affected >= 6.4, < 6.4.1.1 fixed 6.4.1.1 - vendor:cisco network services orchestrator affected >= 6.4.2, < 6.4.4.1 fixed 6.4.4.1 - vendor:cisco cloud native broadband network gateway affected < 2025.03.1 fixed 2025.03.1 - vendor:cisco inode manager affected ? fixed ? - vendor:cisco smart phy affected < 25.2 fixed 25.2 - vendor:cisco ultra packet core affected < 2025.03 fixed 2025.03 - vendor:cisco ultra services platform affected ? fixed ? - vendor:cisco staros affected < 2025.03 fixed 2025.03 - vendor:cisco optical site manager affected < 25.2.1 fixed 25.2.1 - vendor:cisco ncs 2000 shelf virtualization orchestrator firmware affected < 25.1.1 fixed 25.1.1 - vendor:cisco enterprise nfv infrastructure software affected < 4.18 fixed 4.18 - vendor:cisco ultra cloud core affected < 2025.03.1 fixed 2025.03.1 - vendor:cisco rv160w firmware affected ? fixed ? - vendor:cisco rv260 firmware affected ? fixed ? - vendor:cisco rv160 firmware affected ? fixed ? - vendor:cisco rv260p firmware affected ? fixed ? - vendor:cisco rv260w firmware affected ? fixed ? - vendor:cisco rv340 firmware affected ? fixed ? - vendor:cisco rv340w firmware affected ? fixed ? - vendor:cisco rv345 firmware affected ? fixed ? - vendor:cisco rv345p firmware affected ? fixed ? - vendor:debian linux affected = 11.0 fixed ? ## Fix Upgrade Erlang/OTP to a patched release per the vendor advisory, or disable the SSH server if it is not needed; the sources do not name the fixed versions. ## Timeline - 2026-10-23T19:11:51+00:00 kev https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?search_api_fulltext=CVE-2025-32433 - 2026-10-23T22:29:05+00:00 nvd https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32433 ## From the sources Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH server contains a missing authentication for critical function vulnerability. This could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials, potentially leading to unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in how SSH protocol messages are handled, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems. This vulnerability could affect various products that implement Erlang/OTP SSH server, including—but not limited to—Cisco, NetApp, and SUSE. CISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. --- _Free to read at a human pace. An API with keys and an MCP server are in preparation; early access: hello@infrastack.ai_