{"id":"CVE-2025-24054","kind":"vulnerability","aliases":["CVE-2025-24054"],"related":[],"title":"External control of file name or path in Windows NTLM allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network","description":"Microsoft Windows NTLM contains an external control of file name or path vulnerability that allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.\n\nCISA required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","summary":"A flaw in Windows NTLM lets an unauthorized attacker on the network spoof a victim and capture NTLM hash material. The attacker can use the captured hashes to impersonate the user against other services.","severity":"high","cvss":6.5,"epss":null,"exploited":true,"exploited_at":"2025-04-17T00:00:00+00:00","products":[{"name":"Microsoft Windows","fixed":[],"affected":"","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 1507","fixed":["10.0.10240.20947"],"affected":"< 10.0.10240.20947","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 1607","fixed":["10.0.14393.7876"],"affected":"< 10.0.14393.7876","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 1809","fixed":["10.0.17763.7009"],"affected":"< 10.0.17763.7009","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 21h2","fixed":["10.0.19044.5608"],"affected":"< 10.0.19044.5608","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 22h2","fixed":["10.0.19045.5608"],"affected":"< 10.0.19045.5608","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 11 22h2","fixed":["10.0.22621.5039"],"affected":"< 10.0.22621.5039","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 11 23h2","fixed":["10.0.22631.5039"],"affected":"< 10.0.22631.5039","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 11 24h2","fixed":["10.0.26100.3403"],"affected":"< 10.0.26100.3403","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2008","fixed":[],"affected":"= r2","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2012","fixed":[],"affected":"","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2012","fixed":[],"affected":"= r2","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2016","fixed":["10.0.14393.7876"],"affected":"< 10.0.14393.7876","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2019","fixed":["10.0.17763.7009"],"affected":"< 10.0.17763.7009","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2022","fixed":["10.0.20348.3270"],"affected":"< 10.0.20348.3270","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2022 23h2","fixed":["10.0.25398.1486"],"affected":"< 10.0.25398.1486","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2025","fixed":["10.0.26100.3403"],"affected":"< 10.0.26100.3403","ecosystem":"vendor"}],"ecosystems":["vendor"],"tags":["active-directory","exploited","infrastructure","ntlm","windows"],"not_affected_if":["unknown"],"how_to_check":null,"fix":"Apply the Microsoft update for CVE-2025-24054 per vendor instructions; the sources do not name the patched build.\nCISA says to apply vendor mitigations or discontinue use if mitigations are unavailable.","status":"open","published_at":"2025-03-11T17:16:27+00:00","first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T19:11:51+00:00","triaged_at":"2026-10-23T20:48:46+00:00","updated_at":"2026-10-23T22:29:05+00:00","category":"infrastructure","confidence":0.6,"triage":{"at":"2026-10-23T20:48:46Z","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","output":{"fix":"Apply the Microsoft update for CVE-2025-24054 per vendor instructions; the sources do not name the patched build.\nCISA says to apply vendor mitigations or discontinue use if mitigations are unavailable.","reach":"network","summary":"A flaw in Windows NTLM lets an unauthorized attacker on the network spoof a victim and capture NTLM hash material. The attacker can use the captured hashes to impersonate the user against other services.","category":"infrastructure","who_cares":["windows","active-directory","ntlm"],"confidence":0.6,"needs_auth":"no","worst_case":"Attacker captures NTLM hashes and impersonates users to other network services","analyst_note":"Find the Microsoft advisory for CVE-2025-24054 to get affected builds, the patch KB and the exact mitigation steps and how to detect NTLM hash capture.","how_to_check":"unknown","needs_analyst":true,"not_affected_if":["unknown"],"user_interaction":"unknown","needs_special_setup":"unknown","severity_if_unknown":"high"},"cost_usd":0.000441,"input_tokens":2536,"output_tokens":374,"severity_before":"unknown"},"analyst_status":null,"analyst_note":null,"search":"'-01':171C '-2025':22A,25A '-24054':23A,26A '10':31A,35A,39A,43A,47A '11':51A,55A,59A '1507':32A '1607':36A '1809':40A '2008':64A '2012':68A,72A '2016':76A '2019':80A '2022':84A,88A '2025':93A '21h2':44A '22':170C '22h2':48A,52A '23h2':56A,89A '24h2':60A 'action':161C 'activ':95B 'active-directori':94B 'allow':11A,149C 'appli':162C 'applic':168C 'attack':14A,109B,122B,152C 'bod':169C 'captur':117B,126B 'cisa':159C 'cloud':174C 'contain':138C 'control':2A,141C 'cve':21A,24A 'directori':96B 'discontinu':177C 'exploit':97B 'extern':1A,140C 'file':4A,143C 'flaw':102B 'follow':167C 'guidanc':172C 'hash':119B,127B 'imperson':129B 'infrastructur':98B 'instruct':166C 'let':106B 'materi':120B 'microsoft':27A,29A,33A,37A,41A,45A,49A,53A,57A,61A,65A,69A,73A,77A,81A,85A,90A,135C 'mitig':163C,183C 'name':5A,144C 'network':20A,112B,158C 'ntlm':10A,99B,105B,118B,137C 'path':7A,146C 'per':164C 'perform':16A,154C 'product':181C 'requir':160C 'server':63A,67A,71A,75A,79A,83A,87A,92A 'servic':134B,175C 'spoof':17A,113B,155C 'unauthor':13A,108B,151C 'unavail':185C 'use':124B,178C 'user':131B 'vendor':165C 'victim':115B 'vulner':147C 'window':9A,100B,104B,136C 'windows':28A,30A,34A,38A,42A,46A,50A,54A,58A,62A,66A,70A,74A,78A,82A,86A,91A","nicknames":[],"mitigations":[],"who_affected":null,"tier":null,"verified":{},"analyst_revisit_at":null,"first_public_at":"2025-03-11T17:16:27+00:00","kev":{"dateAdded":"2025-04-17","dueDate":"2025-05-08","requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","knownRansomwareCampaignUse":"Unknown"},"cvss_vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","cvss_by":"secure@microsoft.com","poc_count":0,"sources":[{"source":"kev","external_id":"CVE-2025-24054","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?search_api_fulltext=CVE-2025-24054","severity":null,"published_at":"2025-04-17T00:00:00+00:00","modified_at":null,"first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T19:11:51+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-10-25T11:39:14+00:00","note":null},{"source":"nvd","external_id":"CVE-2025-24054","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24054","severity":null,"published_at":"2025-03-11T17:16:27+00:00","modified_at":"2026-06-17T08:57:57+00:00","first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T22:29:05+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T22:29:05+00:00","note":null}],"documents":[],"notice":"Free to read at a human pace. An API with keys and an MCP server are in preparation; early access: hello@infrastack.ai"}