{"id":"CVE-2023-27997","kind":"vulnerability","aliases":["CVE-2023-27997"],"related":[],"title":"A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS version 7.2.4 and below, version 7.0.11 and below,…","description":"A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS version 7.2.4 and below, version 7.0.11 and below, version 6.4.12 and below, version 6.0.16 and below and FortiProxy version 7.2.3 and below, version 7.0.9 and below, version 2.0.12 and below, version 1.2 all versions, version 1.1 all versions SSL-VPN may allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via specifically crafted requests.","summary":"Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy SSL-VPN contain a heap-based buffer overflow that lets an unauthenticated remote attacker send crafted requests and execute code or commands. CISA lists it as actively exploited in the wild, with ransomware use noted.","severity":"critical","cvss":9.8,"epss":null,"exploited":true,"exploited_at":"2023-06-13T00:00:00+00:00","products":[{"name":"Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy SSL-VPN","fixed":[],"affected":"","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortiproxy","fixed":[],"affected":">= 1.1.0, <= 1.1.6","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortiproxy","fixed":[],"affected":">= 1.2.0, <= 1.2.13","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortiproxy","fixed":[],"affected":">= 2.0.0, <= 2.0.12","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortiproxy","fixed":[],"affected":">= 7.0.0, <= 7.0.9","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortiproxy","fixed":[],"affected":">= 7.2.0, <= 7.2.3","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":">= 6.0.0, <= 6.0.16","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":">= 6.2.0, <= 6.2.13","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":">= 6.4.0, <= 6.4.12","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":">= 7.0.0, <= 7.0.11","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":">= 7.2.0, <= 7.2.4","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":">= 6.0.12, <= 6.0.16","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":">= 6.2.9, <= 6.2.13","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":"= 6.0.10","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":"= 6.2.4","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":"= 6.2.6","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":"= 6.2.7","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":"= 6.4.2","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":"= 6.4.6","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":"= 6.4.8","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":"= 6.4.10","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":"= 6.4.12","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":"= 7.0.5","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"fortinet fortios","fixed":[],"affected":"= 7.0.10","ecosystem":"vendor"}],"ecosystems":["vendor"],"tags":["exploited","fortinet","fortios","fortiproxy","infrastructure","ransomware","ssl-vpn"],"not_affected_if":["managed-hosting","ssl-vpn-disabled"],"how_to_check":null,"fix":"Apply the vendor's updates for FortiOS and FortiProxy per Fortinet's advisory; the fixed versions are not stated in the sources.","status":"open","published_at":"2023-06-13T00:00:00+00:00","first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T19:11:51+00:00","triaged_at":"2026-10-23T21:06:36+00:00","updated_at":"2026-10-23T22:29:04+00:00","category":"infrastructure","confidence":0.8,"triage":{"at":"2026-10-23T21:06:36Z","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","output":{"fix":"Apply the vendor's updates for FortiOS and FortiProxy per Fortinet's advisory; the fixed versions are not stated in the sources.","reach":"internet","impact":"high","summary":"Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy SSL-VPN contain a heap-based buffer overflow that lets an unauthenticated remote attacker send crafted requests and execute code or commands. CISA lists it as actively exploited in the wild, with ransomware use noted.","category":"infrastructure","who_cares":["fortios","fortiproxy","ssl-vpn","fortinet"],"confidence":0.8,"needs_auth":"no","worst_case":"Unauthenticated attacker runs code or commands on the firewall appliance","analyst_note":"Pull Fortinet PSIRT advisory FG-IR-23-097 for affected and fixed versions and the SSL-VPN check commands; the sources give no version or detection steps.","how_to_check":"unknown","needs_analyst":true,"not_affected_if":["ssl-vpn-disabled","managed-hosting"],"user_interaction":"no","needs_special_setup":"yes","severity_if_unknown":"critical"},"cost_usd":0.000492,"input_tokens":2873,"output_tokens":410,"severity_before":"unknown"},"analyst_status":null,"analyst_note":null,"search":"'-122':9A,135C '-2023':19A,22A '-27997':20A,23A '1.1':173C '1.2':169C '2.0.12':165C '6.0.16':151C '6.4.12':147C '7.0.11':17A,143C '7.0.9':161C '7.2.3':157C '7.2.4':13A,139C 'activ':118B 'allow':180C 'and':26A 'arbitrari':186C 'attack':105B,183C 'base':4A,97B,130C 'buffer':5A,98B,131C 'cisa':114B 'code':111B,187C 'command':113B,189C 'contain':93B 'craft':107B,192C 'cve':18A,21A 'cwe':8A,134C 'execut':110B,185C 'exploit':77B,119B 'fortinet':24A,31A,33A,35A,37A,39A,41A,43A,45A,47A,49A,51A,53A,55A,57A,59A,61A,63A,65A,67A,69A,71A,73A,75A,78B,86B 'fortio':11A,79B,87B,137C 'fortios':25A,42A,44A,46A,48A,50A,52A,54A,56A,58A,60A,62A,64A,66A,68A,70A,72A,74A,76A 'fortiproxi':80B,89B,155C 'fortiproxy':27A,32A,34A,36A,38A,40A 'heap':3A,96B,129C 'heap-bas':2A,95B,128C 'infrastructur':81B 'let':101B 'list':115B 'may':179C 'note':126B 'overflow':6A,99B,132C 'ransomwar':82B,124B 'remot':104B,182C 'request':108B,193C 'send':106B 'specif':191C 'ssl':29A,84B,91B,177C 'ssl-vpn':28A,83B,90B,176C 'unauthent':103B 'use':125B 'version':12A,16A,138C,142C,146C,150C,156C,160C,164C,168C,171C,172C,175C 'via':190C 'vpn':30A,85B,92B,178C 'vulner':7A,133C 'wild':122B","nicknames":[],"mitigations":[],"who_affected":null,"tier":null,"verified":{},"analyst_revisit_at":null,"first_public_at":"2023-06-13T00:00:00+00:00","kev":{"dateAdded":"2023-06-13","dueDate":"2023-07-04","requiredAction":"Apply updates per vendor instructions.","knownRansomwareCampaignUse":"Known"},"cvss_vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","cvss_by":"psirt@fortinet.com","poc_count":0,"sources":[{"source":"kev","external_id":"CVE-2023-27997","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?search_api_fulltext=CVE-2023-27997","severity":null,"published_at":"2023-06-13T00:00:00+00:00","modified_at":null,"first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T19:11:51+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-10-25T15:39:41+00:00","note":null},{"source":"nvd","external_id":"CVE-2023-27997","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27997","severity":null,"published_at":"2023-06-13T09:15:16+00:00","modified_at":"2026-07-31T04:16:43+00:00","first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T22:29:04+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T22:29:04+00:00","note":null}],"documents":[],"notice":"Free to read at a human pace. An API with keys and an MCP server are in preparation; early access: hello@infrastack.ai"}