{"id":"CVE-2022-41049","kind":"vulnerability","aliases":["CVE-2022-41049"],"related":[],"title":"Windows Mark of the Web Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability","description":"Microsoft Windows Mark of the Web (MOTW) contains a security feature bypass vulnerability resulting in a limited loss of integrity and availability of security features.\n\nCISA required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions.","summary":"Windows Mark of the Web, the flag that tells Windows a file came from the internet, can be bypassed so downloaded files lose that warning. An attacker gets limited integrity and availability loss in security features, and CISA lists it as actively exploited.","severity":"medium","cvss":5.4,"epss":null,"exploited":true,"exploited_at":"2022-11-14T00:00:00+00:00","products":[{"name":"Microsoft Windows","fixed":[],"affected":"","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 1507","fixed":["10.0.10240.19567"],"affected":"< 10.0.10240.19567","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 1607","fixed":["10.0.14393.5501"],"affected":"< 10.0.14393.5501","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 1809","fixed":["10.0.17763.3650"],"affected":"< 10.0.17763.3650","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 20h2","fixed":["10.0.19042.2251"],"affected":"< 10.0.19042.2251","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 21h1","fixed":["10.0.19043.2251"],"affected":"< 10.0.19043.2251","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 21h2","fixed":["10.0.19044.2251"],"affected":"< 10.0.19044.2251","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 10 22h2","fixed":["10.0.19045.2251"],"affected":"< 10.0.19045.2251","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 11 21h2","fixed":["10.0.22000.1219"],"affected":"< 10.0.22000.1219","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows 11 22h2","fixed":["10.0.22621.819"],"affected":"< 10.0.22621.819","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2016","fixed":["10.0.14393.5501"],"affected":"< 10.0.14393.5501","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2019","fixed":["10.0.17763.3650"],"affected":"< 10.0.17763.3650","ecosystem":"vendor"},{"name":"microsoft windows server 2022","fixed":["10.0.20348.1249"],"affected":"< 10.0.20348.1249","ecosystem":"vendor"}],"ecosystems":["vendor"],"tags":["exploited","infrastructure","windows"],"not_affected_if":[],"how_to_check":null,"fix":"Apply the Microsoft Windows security updates per vendor instructions (CISA required action); the specific patched build is unknown from these sources.","status":"open","published_at":"2022-11-09T22:15:19+00:00","first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T19:11:52+00:00","triaged_at":"2026-10-23T21:08:56+00:00","updated_at":"2026-10-23T22:29:04+00:00","category":"infrastructure","confidence":0.6,"triage":{"at":"2026-10-23T21:08:56Z","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","output":{"fix":"Apply the Microsoft Windows security updates per vendor instructions (CISA required action); the specific patched build is unknown from these sources.","reach":"local","impact":"medium","summary":"Windows Mark of the Web, the flag that tells Windows a file came from the internet, can be bypassed so downloaded files lose that warning. An attacker gets limited integrity and availability loss in security features, and CISA lists it as actively exploited.","category":"infrastructure","who_cares":["windows"],"confidence":0.6,"needs_auth":"unknown","worst_case":"Files from the internet bypass Mark of the Web warnings, weakening security feature protections.","analyst_note":"Find the Microsoft advisory for CVE-2022-41049 to confirm affected Windows builds, patched KB numbers, and the exploitation chain (attacks typically pair it with a malicious file delivered to the user).","how_to_check":"unknown","needs_analyst":true,"not_affected_if":[],"user_interaction":"yes","needs_special_setup":"unknown","severity_if_unknown":"medium"},"cost_usd":0.000468,"input_tokens":2807,"output_tokens":375,"severity_before":"unknown"},"analyst_status":null,"analyst_note":null,"search":"'-2022':11A,14A '-41049':12A,15A '10':20A,24A,28A,32A,36A,40A,44A '11':48A,52A '1507':21A '1607':25A '1809':29A '2016':57A '2019':61A '2022':65A '20h2':33A '21h1':37A '21h2':41A,49A '22h2':45A,53A 'action':139C 'activ':110B 'appli':140C 'attack':95B 'avail':100B,133C 'bypass':8A,87B,123C 'came':81B 'cisa':106B,137C 'contain':119C 'cve':10A,13A 'download':89B 'exploit':66B,111B 'featur':7A,104B,122C,136C 'file':80B,90B 'flag':75B 'get':96B 'infrastructur':67B 'instruct':144C 'integr':98B,131C 'internet':84B 'limit':97B,128C 'list':107B 'lose':91B 'loss':101B,129C 'mark':2A,70B,114C 'microsoft':16A,18A,22A,26A,30A,34A,38A,42A,46A,50A,54A,58A,62A,112C 'motw':118C 'per':142C 'requir':138C 'result':125C 'secur':6A,103B,121C,135C 'server':56A,60A,64A 'tell':77B 'updat':141C 'vendor':143C 'vulner':9A,124C 'warn':93B 'web':5A,73B,117C 'window':1A,68B,69B,78B,113C 'windows':17A,19A,23A,27A,31A,35A,39A,43A,47A,51A,55A,59A,63A","nicknames":[],"mitigations":[],"who_affected":null,"tier":null,"verified":{},"analyst_revisit_at":null,"first_public_at":"2022-11-09T22:15:19+00:00","kev":{"dateAdded":"2022-11-14","dueDate":"2022-12-09","requiredAction":"Apply updates per vendor instructions.","knownRansomwareCampaignUse":"Unknown"},"cvss_vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L","cvss_by":"secure@microsoft.com","poc_count":0,"sources":[{"source":"kev","external_id":"CVE-2022-41049","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?search_api_fulltext=CVE-2022-41049","severity":null,"published_at":"2022-11-14T00:00:00+00:00","modified_at":null,"first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T19:11:52+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-10-25T12:39:23+00:00","note":null},{"source":"nvd","external_id":"CVE-2022-41049","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41049","severity":null,"published_at":"2022-11-09T22:15:19+00:00","modified_at":"2026-08-10T16:18:15+00:00","first_seen_at":"2026-10-23T22:29:04+00:00","fetched_at":"2026-10-23T22:29:04+00:00","note":null}],"documents":[],"notice":"Free to read at a human pace. An API with keys and an MCP server are in preparation; early access: hello@infrastack.ai"}